In December 1942, Italian-born physicist Enrico Fermi started up the world's first nuclear reactor:
Chain reaction: Collisions between neutrons and uranium nuclei initiate the process of nuclear fission, during which new neutrons are released. In turn, these neutrons lead to the fission of more and more nuclei.
Creating energy through nuclear fission: During nuclear fission, the energy that binds particles together in the nucleus is released. This process creates lighter nuclei (such as barium and krypton).
Interaction between neutrons and nuclei: When a free neutron approaches the nucleus of an isotope, there are three possible outcomes:
1- fission
2- capture
3- dispersion
The nature of the reaction: The reaction can be
1- attenuated to be stable
2- or brought to the
3- critical point that
produces an explosion.
The main factors regulating the reaction at a nuclear power plant are: the size of the reactor core and the degree to which control rods are inserted in it.
Reactor core: The reactor core is a tank filled with water, which serves as a moderator, into which uranium fuel rods are inserted, along with beryllium absorber rods used to control the reaction.
Absorbers: Due to their regular and rigid molecular structure, control (absorber) rods are able to capture free neutrons.
The efficiency of nuclear fuel as an energy source: From the point of view of energy, the fission of every atom in a single gram is equivalent to burning 2.5 metric tons of oil or three metric tons of coal.
Number of nuclear reactors worldwide: According to the latest report from the IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency), there are currently 435 nuclear reactors in operation.
Chain reaction: Collisions between neutrons and uranium nuclei initiate the process of nuclear fission, during which new neutrons are released. In turn, these neutrons lead to the fission of more and more nuclei.
Creating energy through nuclear fission: During nuclear fission, the energy that binds particles together in the nucleus is released. This process creates lighter nuclei (such as barium and krypton).
Interaction between neutrons and nuclei: When a free neutron approaches the nucleus of an isotope, there are three possible outcomes:
1- fission
2- capture
3- dispersion
The nature of the reaction: The reaction can be
1- attenuated to be stable
2- or brought to the
3- critical point that
produces an explosion.
The main factors regulating the reaction at a nuclear power plant are: the size of the reactor core and the degree to which control rods are inserted in it.
Reactor core: The reactor core is a tank filled with water, which serves as a moderator, into which uranium fuel rods are inserted, along with beryllium absorber rods used to control the reaction.
Absorbers: Due to their regular and rigid molecular structure, control (absorber) rods are able to capture free neutrons.
The efficiency of nuclear fuel as an energy source: From the point of view of energy, the fission of every atom in a single gram is equivalent to burning 2.5 metric tons of oil or three metric tons of coal.
Number of nuclear reactors worldwide: According to the latest report from the IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency), there are currently 435 nuclear reactors in operation.
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